An NDA (non-disclosure agreement) is a contract where people agree to keep certain information private and to use it only for a stated purpose. Our free NDA template is a mutual version: both sides share and both sides protect, which is what most business conversations between two companies or a company and a freelancer actually look like.

When do you need an NDA?

You need one before you share anything you’d be hurt by seeing in a competitor’s hands: pricing, customer lists, source code, product plans, financials, a recipe. Common moments are exploring a partnership, talking to a potential buyer or investor, hiring a contractor who will see internal systems, or pitching a white-label deal to a supplier.

Say, hypothetically, you run a small software company and a larger firm wants to discuss reselling your product. They’ll want your roadmap and pricing, and you’ll want to see their customer numbers. A mutual non-disclosure agreement covers both directions in one document, signed once.

An NDA isn’t always needed. For a quick, general sales call where nobody shares anything sensitive, asking for one can slow things down for no reason. Save it for when real information is about to change hands.

If only one side is sharing, a one-way NDA is simpler; you can adapt this template by deleting the reciprocal language. For employees, confidentiality usually belongs in the employment agreement itself. And if you’re forming a business together, put confidentiality in the partnership agreement.

What should a non-disclosure agreement include?

Here’s how our NDA template works, clause by clause.

Purpose

A short description of why you’re sharing information, for example “evaluating a possible reseller arrangement.” The recipient may use the information only for that purpose. This is the clause people skip, and it’s the one that stops the other side from using your data to build a competing product.

What counts as confidential

Anything shared for the purpose that is marked confidential, or that a reasonable person would understand to be confidential from its nature. That second part matters, because nobody remembers to stamp every email.

What doesn’t count

The standard exclusions: information that’s already public (not through the recipient’s fault), that the recipient already knew, that it gets from someone else without a duty of confidence, or that it develops independently. Without these, an NDA can become unreasonable fast.

Obligations

Keep it secret with at least reasonable care, share it only with people inside your organization (and advisers) who need it and are bound to keep it confidential, and tell the other side if there’s a leak.

Legally required disclosure

If a court or regulator orders disclosure, the recipient can comply, after giving notice where the law allows so the other side can object.

Term and return of information

How long the promises last, and what happens to the information at the end: returned or destroyed on request.

No license, no obligation to do a deal

Sharing information doesn’t give away ownership, and signing the NDA doesn’t commit anyone to go ahead with the deal.

Whistleblower immunity notice

Our template includes the notice from the federal Defend Trade Secrets Act, at 18 U.S.C. 1833(b). Under that section, an individual can’t be held criminally or civilly liable under any federal or state trade secret law for disclosing a trade secret in confidence to a federal, state or local government official, or to an attorney, solely to report or investigate a suspected violation of law, or in a court filing made under seal. Employers must include notice of this immunity in any contract with an employee (which the statute defines to include contractors and consultants) that governs the use of trade secrets or confidential information. If they don’t, they can’t be awarded exemplary damages or attorney fees against that person under the Act. The rule applies to agreements entered into or updated after May 11, 2016. Between two companies the notice may not be strictly required, but it costs nothing to include and it keeps the template safe to reuse with individual contractors.

What should you check before you sign an NDA?

Check the governing law and the term, because both change a lot about how the NDA plays out. And be careful about what else is bundled in. Some NDAs carry non-compete or non-solicitation clauses, and whether those are enforceable depends heavily on the state and the circumstances. Our template leaves them out on purpose. If you need one, get advice where you are.

How do you fill in the NDA template and get it signed?

  1. Fill in both parties’ legal names, the purpose, the effective date, the term, and the governing state.
  2. Read the exclusions and the definition of confidential information and make sure they fit what you’ll share.
  3. Sign before any sensitive information changes hands, not after the meeting.
  4. Send it for signature. NDAs are one of the easiest documents to e-sign: the federal ESIGN Act says a contract can’t be denied legal effect just because an electronic signature was used, and NDAs aren’t in any of its listed exceptions. More in are electronic signatures legally binding.
  5. Keep the signed copy where you’ll find it in two years when the question comes up.

Download it, fill in the blanks, and send it for e-signature with any tool you like. (We’re building SignWren for exactly this; join the waitlist.)

This page is general information, not legal advice. For a specific contract or dispute, talk to a lawyer licensed where you are.